Abert’s Towhee (Melozone aberti) is a large, ground-dwelling songbird native to the southwestern United States. Here's a detailed look at this desert-dwelling bird:

🐦 Abert’s Towhee – Overview

• Scientific Name: Melozone aberti

• Family: Passerellidae (New World sparrows)

• Named After: James William Abert, a 19th-century American naturalist and army officer

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🌍 Distribution

• Native Range:

  • Arizona

  • Southeastern California

  • Southern Nevada

  • Southwestern Utah

  • Northwestern Mexico (Sonora and Baja California)

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🌿 Habitat

• Prefers riparian woodlands, brushy desert washes, and areas near water sources in arid regions

• Commonly found in dense undergrowth of mesquite, cottonwood, and willow trees

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🧬 Identification

• Size: 21–24 cm (8.3–9.4 in) long

• Color:

  • Uniform brown body

  • Slightly darker face and throat, giving a "hooded" appearance

  • Pinkish legs and stout, conical bill

• Often confused with other towhees, but distinguishable by its plain brown plumage and localized habitat

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🔊 Call & Song

• Song: A series of clear whistles and trills, often repeated

• Call: Sharp, metallic “cheep” or “tsip”

• Males sing from exposed perches during breeding season

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🍽️ Diet

• Omnivorous:

  • Seeds and small fruits

  • Insects, especially during breeding season

  • Forages mostly on the ground, using a double-scratch motion to uncover food

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🪺 Breeding

• Nesting season: Spring to early summer

• Nests are cup-shaped, made from grasses and twigs, placed in low shrubs or trees

• Lays 2–5 eggs, pale with dark speckles

• Both parents care for the young

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📉 Conservation Status

• IUCN Red List: Least Concern (LC)

• However, sensitive to habitat loss, especially reduction of riparian woodlands due to water diversion and urban development

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📌 Interesting Fact

Despite living in arid regions, Abert’s Towhee depends heavily on moist, shaded areas and is an indicator of healthy riparian ecosystems.

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Would you like images, a comparison with the Canyon Towhee, or its behavior in urban parks like those in Phoenix or Tucson?

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